Buses are convenient and the cheapest way to travel as trains do not serve every town and village.

The rail system is being upgraded. Twice daily trains connect Vilnius with the Baltic coast.

There is a dense network of rivers in Lithuania. The longest river is the Nemunas - total length 973km, 475km of which is in Lithuania - which is suitable for navigation in parts. Lakes cover 1.5% of the total land area.

Fares are negotiated but are always more expensive from the airport, railway station, cathedral and Vilnius Department Store. Avoid paying in hard currency and insist that the meter is used. Flagging down a taxi in the street is not easy; there are taxi-stands and taxis can be booked by telephone.

There is a choice of buses and trolley buses within the city. Tickets can be purchased from kiosks (spaudos kioskas) and drivers; they must be inserted into a validating machine on board. Services operate from 06:00 to 00:30 or 01:00.
The Vilnius railway station is a cosmopolitan marketplace and terminus, but it is not safe for visitors at night.

The lack of curb drops and the cobblestone streets of Old Town make it a bit of a bumpy ride for wheelchair users, and the public transport system needs to be completely renewed before qualifying as being even vaguely accessible. Some hotels cater for disabled visitors, as does the occasional bar/restaurant. Likewise, travellers with sight and/or hearing difficulties are not particularly well accommodated for either.